Sleeve valve engine



Oct. 22, 1946. K. L. HuLslNG SLEEVE VALVE ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb; 24, 1945 inventor WQ 5411@ @tion-neg;

Patented Oct. 22, 1946 UNITED sLEnvtg; VALVE ENGINE Kenneth L. Hulsing, Plymouth, Mich., assigner to General Motors Cororatiortlleti'oit, Mich., a

corporation of Delaware Application February 24. i945, serial, 579.601

In two cycle sleeve valve engines it is desirable to delay the opening of theintake valves as long as possible i-n order to lgive ample time for the burned gases to escape, and, after scavenging; to hasten the closure of the intake valves in order to trapl and` compress as great a volume ofgas as possiblei This Consideration necessarily requires a lessening of the part of the crankshaft rotation during which the valves are open for scavenging and recharging. In the patent to Kirtland and Hulsing for Sleeve v alye engines, 253625709, dated November; 14, 194.4, that yobiettive was quite sat.-

11 Claims. (Cl. 123H65) isfactorily attained by the use of a Certain `Sleeve i valve port arrangement associated: with a special kind of sleeve valve reciprocating mechanism. In accordance with the present invention a I nodifed sleeve valve; port arrangement is associated with a simpler sleevevalve reciprocating arrangement. By' this new arrangement the piston and sleeve valve cooperate -to control the admission of gas'or air supercharged, if desired, through the cylinderinlet port but. the operation of the sleeve valve is much simplerand the changein the sleeve port arrangement provides a large Opening through the. Sleeve lfor a Short period. S that scavenging and recharging are. failitated.

The invention will be explained by reieren. t0 the accompanying. drawings. in. which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the cylinder, e

the sleeve valve and the piston.

Fig. 2 is a similar Viewz the parts being shown in changed positions. L

Fig. 3 is a" detail, showing the crankshait with the connecting rods fcfarftheA piston and valve sleeve in section. I

Fgl is a diagram t@ show the vali/.e 'timing in terms of `crankshaft angles of rotation, piston upper dead center being marked 0.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the relatiye positions of the moving sleeve andpistomand each relative to the cylinder ports corresponding to the several stages offcrankshait rotation.

On the drawings,l numeral IlV is used to mark the crankshaft. By means o a ,crankpin I3 its rotation reciprocatesfa piston I5 by the use :oi a conventional connecting rod Il. The piston reciprocates in a cylinder i9 having, near its upper end, a row of exhaust ports 2| and, adjacent its lower end, a row of inlet ports 1 3. 1nto the top of the cylinder is tted a closure 25 carrying the conventional fuel injector 21. A sleeve valve 29 slides between the cylinder wall and the piston. The sleeve is reciprocated by connecting `rods 3| connected to the sleeve at m33 and mountedA on 2v 35 are ci" lesser eccentrici'ty from the axis of the crankshaft and are anglarly displaced relative thereto. It will beV seen, therefore, `that the operative mec hanisrn for the sleeve is much simpler than that of the above mentioned patent.`

row o f exhaust valve ports 31 is formed` in the sleevel Theseregister at ti-Ines with'the cylinder exhaust p orts 2| to 'permit the discharge of burned gases in the usual rway. From Fig. `4` and Fig. 5 Vit will be seen that the movement of 4the sleeve causes "the exhaust port registration to begin at about; of crankshaft rotationfrom pistontop dead center that upon 'the return movement the exhaust opening 'is' closed about .'271/2"a of crankshaft rotation.

To admit the incoming Agas 'into the cylinder chamberthrough its intake ports there is a departure from the two parallel rows o f sleeve openirl'gsV of thepatent referred to. I` provide in the sleeve @primary'row of openings'marked 4 1; a

second row oi openings 4 3 aboventhe openings 4j and," separated therefrom bye, land, anda third POW Of bijenwas .41 lelow Wellnes,` 4! 'and' Separated by a land 49. i

The sleeve crankpin 35 is substantially 16 ahead of the Piston branko@ .I3 as indifaied 01.1 Fig. 4. The dimensions are, s o chosen and the sleeve ports so located that the registration of sorts murs as indicated. by .5. tcp-which, liefe erence now made to explain the operation-` 'rihe @eures indate ihe'degees Of rotation .from .Zero assuming zero to be the positionl of top dead i.cen-

exhaust port 31 is about tp register with vthe cylinder exhaust port L At' the same time inlet isleeve port 4T and a portion of port 4 1 register with' Cylinder inlet 12S.. but 'Witheet effe@ been@ alll three sleeve inlet ports arefcovered by the piston. At the`1 25`position the exhaustports are nearlyin registration; The piston has moved below the" tipwof cylinder in'let"23 'and is aboutto rende'rf portdl effective. HoweverfLtheland 45 issupplementing the piston in keeping the passage 23 Vclose`d"a nd only whenthe 125 position is passed isport 23'opened. It is'then opened rap- `idlybecause the piston'moves to ren der'"port 4l eifective and the land moves tolopen the passage through 13.4 It 'will be seen that the sleeve inlet .portswchange'but little relative' to 'thecylinder inlet'asthecraijikshaft turns hfroinits 1259 position to its l200" position. vThis is for' the reason that the sleeve, being in advance'of the pistonin its cycle, goes through fits lower dead center 'r'st. In this range portsY 43 and \`4| 'first open substancrankpins 315 one on either side of pini-3i `Pins 55 tially simultaneously and as the4 piston 'passes through its bottom dead center, 180 on the diagram, it opens the lower sleeve port 41 partly because the piston is reaching its lowermost position and partly because the sleeve, being ahead of the piston, has begun its return movement. It will be seen that throughout this range, 125 to 200, the exhaust port is almost wide open so that, coinciding with the large inlet opening, there is a free scavenging of burned gases and a free recharging of the cylinder with air from the supercharger, if one is used. Upon the return movement the land 45 reaches the top of cylinder port 23 at about 200 so that port 43 becomes ineffective. At 2271/2" the exhaust port closes completely and Very shortly thereafter at 2321/2a the piston closes inlet port 41 and the land 49 closes the passage through port 4I so that the inlet is completely closed. After 2321/2" therefore the contents of the cylinder are trapped and compressed for the remainder of the compression stroke. If this diagram be compared with that of the patent referred to it will be'seen that the results are substantially the same. It will be seen that the far simpler operative mechanism for the sleeve and piston is effective to get this delayed inlet port opening and accelerated closure because of the new port arrangement. The quick opening ol ports 4| and 43 by resort to the land 45 is similar to that shown by Fig. 3 of the patent. However, the added opening 41 becomes effective adjacent piston lower dead center position and the land 49 enables the inlet 23 to close completely before being passed by the piston as seen in the diagram at 2321/2". In other words. land 45 delays the inlet opening and land 49 accelerates the inlet closure while theport 41 gives an added area to the inlet opening in the region of piston lower dead center. It will therefore be understood that a relatively large inlet opening is provided. Also by the use of the lands associated with the piston the range through which the large opening is effective is yreduced more than would be possible by merely controlling a continuous sleeve inlet port by piston movement.

Iclaim:

1. In an engine having a cylinder, a piston and a sleeve valve, means to reciprocate said piston and sleeve, said cylinder having inlet port means and said sleeve having an inlet port means divided by axially spaced lands, one of said lands operable jointly with the piston to delay registration of said port means and another of said lands operable jointly with said piston to accelerate the closure of the passage through the cylinder inlet port means.

2. In an internal combustion engine having a crankshaft, a cylinder, a piston, a sleeve valve between said cylinder and piston. means connected to said crankshaft to reciprocate said piston and said sleeve in out of phase relationship, said cylinder and sleeve having cooperating exhaust ports adapted to register, said cylinder having a circumferential row of inlet ports, said sleeve valve having a primary row of circumferentially arranged inlet ports and rst and second secondary rows of circumferentially arranged inlet ports with lands between said primary row and each of said secondary rows. one of said lands operable jointly with the piston to delay the registration of the inlet ports and another of said landsoperable jointly with the piston to cut off said inlet port registration before closure by the piston whereby large port registration may be secured during a small arc of crankshaft rotation.

' 3. The invention defined by claim 2, the ports of said primary row being longer than those of the secondary rows.

4. The invention dened by claim 2, said secondary rows of ports including a rst row on one side of the primary row and a second row on the other side of the primary row, the movements of the piston and sleeve being such that the primary row registers with the cylinder port while still covered by the piston and the land between the primary row and said first secondary row moves to permit said first Isecondary row to register with the cylinder port as the piston uncovers the primary row in moving toward lower dead center and the land between the primary row and the said secondary row closes the passage to the cylinder from the cylinder inlet before the piston reaches a position opposite the end of the cylinder inlet as the piston moves from lower dead center.

5. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, a piston, a sleeve valve therebetween, a crankshaft having unequally eccentric and angular related throws, connecting rods between said throws and said piston and said sleeve respectively, exhaust ports in said cylinder wall and sleeve, said ports adapted to register in response to sleeve movement, intake port means in said cylinder wall, a primary intake port in said sleeve adapted to register with the cylinder inlet in response to movement of said sleeve, the relative movements of the sleeve and piston being such that only after the registration of the said inlet ports does piston move to uncover said primary sleeve inlet port, second port means in said sleeve adapted to register with the cylinder inlet substantially simultaneously with the opening of the primary port by the piston whereby an enlarged opening to inlet gases is provided, there being a land between said primary and second port means to delay the time of opening of said primary and 'second ports, third port means in said sleeve adapted to register with the cylinder inlet and to be rendered effective by the piston near its position of bottom dead center, there being a second land between said primary port and third port, said second land adapted to close the passage from the cylinder inlet before the piston moves suliieiently to close said passage.

6. The invention defined by claim 5, said primary port means being longer than said second and longer than said third port means.

7. The invention defined by claim 5, said second and said third port means being on opposite sides of said primary port means.

8. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder with spaced inlet and exhaust port means, a piston reciprocable therein, a sleeve reciprocable between said piston and cylinder, means to reciprocate said piston and sleeve in out of phase relationship, said sleeve having exhaust port means to register with the cylinder exhaust port means, said sleeve having primary inlet ports adapted to register with the cylinder inlet port means, but to be rendered effective only by the movement of the piston over said primary ports, second inlet port means in said sleeve adapted to register with the cylinder inlet port means substantially simultaneously with the movement of the piston over the primary ports, a land between said primary and second port means to delay the opening of said second ports, third sleeve ports, a second land between said third ports and primary ports whereby said third ports may add to the area of admission adjacent lower dead center and whereby said last named second land may accelerate the time of closing the admission from the cylinder inlet.

9. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, a piston, a sleeve therebetween, means to reciprocate said sleeve and piston in out of phase relationship, exhaust ports in said cylinder and sleeve adapted to register, inlet port means in said cylinder, primary ports in said sleeve adapted rst to register with said cylinder inlet port means and then to be renderedveffective by the movement of the piston over said primary ports and other means in said sleeve operable to add to the area through which gas isv admitted from the cylinder inlet port means, to retard the time of admission through said cyln inder port means and to accelerate the time of closing of said passage.

10. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, a piston, a sleeve therebetween, means to reciprocate said sleeve and piston in out of phase relationship, exhaust ports in said cylinder and sleeve adapted to register, inlet port means in said cylinder, primary ports in said sleeve adapted rst to register with said cylinder inlet port means and then to be rendered effective by the movement of the piston over said primary ports and other means in said sleeve operable to add to the area through which gas is admitted from the cylinder inlet port means, to retard the time of admission through said cylinder port means and to accelerate the time of closing of said passage, said other means including other ports in said sleeve on opposite sides of said primary ports and lands between said other ports and said primary ports.

11. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, a piston, a sleeve therebetween, means to reciprocate said sleeve and piston in out of phase relationship, exhaust ports in said cylinder and sleeve adapted to register, inlet port means in said cylinder, primary ports inV said sleeve adapted rst to register with said cylinder inlet port means and then to be rendered eifective by the movement of the piston over said primary ports and other means in said sleeve operable. to add to the area through which gas is admitted from the cylinder inlet port means, to retard the time of admission through said cylinder port means and to accelerate the time of clesing cf said passage, said other means including other ports in said sleeve on opposite sides of said primary ports and lands between said other ports and said primary ports, said other ports serving to add to the inlet area, the lands between primary ports and one of the other ports acting to retard the time of admission and the land between the primary port and another of said sleeve ports acting to accelerate the closure of the passage 4through the cylinder inlet port means.

KENNETH L. HULSING. 

